Another common but frequently overlooked symptom of vitamin B12 deficiency is numbness and tingling in the hands, feet, or other extremities. These sensations occur due to nerve damage, specifically to the peripheral nerves. Vitamin B12 is vital for maintaining the protective myelin sheath that surrounds nerves; without sufficient B12, this sheath deteriorates, leading to peripheral neuropathy. People may mistake this numbness for poor circulation or attribute it to other causes, delaying diagnosis and treatment.

4. Balance Problems and Coordination Issues

As nerve damage progresses, individuals with severe vitamin B12 deficiency may experience balance problems and difficulty coordinating their movements. This symptom is especially common in older adults and can increase the risk of falls and injuries. Since balance issues can also result from aging or other health conditions, this symptom is often misinterpreted, and the underlying B12 deficiency may go undetected for a long time.

5. Cognitive Impairment (Memory Loss and Confusion)

Vitamin B12 deficiency can lead to significant cognitive impairment, including memory loss, confusion, and difficulty concentrating. B12 is crucial for maintaining the health of brain cells, and a deficiency can result in a decline in cognitive function that mimics dementia or Alzheimer’s disease. People experiencing memory problems may attribute these issues to aging or stress, unaware that they may be related to their nutrient intake.