6. Mood Changes and Depression
Mood changes, including depression, anxiety, and irritability, are common but often overlooked signs of vitamin B12 deficiency.The mood-regulating neurotransmitters dopamine and serotonin are produced in part by vitamin B12. A deficiency can lead to imbalances in these brain chemicals, contributing to feelings of sadness or emotional instability. Because depression has many potential causes, B12 deficiency is rarely considered as a contributing factor unless other symptoms are present.
7. Glossitis and Mouth Ulcers
Glossitis—an inflammation of the tongue—is another symptom of vitamin B12 deficiency that is frequently ignored. This condition causes the tongue to become swollen, red, and painful, often with smooth patches where the papillae (small bumps) have disappeared. Glossitis can make it difficult to eat and speak, and some individuals may also develop mouth ulcers. People with these symptoms might not associate them with a B12 deficiency, instead thinking they are due to allergies or minor irritations.
8. Breathlessness and Dizziness
A lack of vitamin B12 can lead to breathlessness and dizziness, particularly during physical activity. This is because B12 deficiency-induced anemia reduces the blood’s capacity to carry oxygen, leading to shortness of breath. Dizziness can occur when oxygen supply to the brain is compromised, causing lightheadedness or fainting. These symptoms are often mistaken for general fatigue or cardiovascular issues, delaying a correct diagnosis.
